英國科學(xué)家稱 先有“雞”后有“蛋”

What came first, the chicken or the egg? Scientists in Britain think it was probably the chicken, after using new computer technology to try and crack the age-old riddle.

Researchers at the Universities of Sheffield and Warwick, in northern and central England, say the secret lies in the eggshell -- specifically the vital role played by a chicken protein in forming it.

Scientists already knew that the protein, ovocledidin-17 (OC-17), plays a part in eggshell formation, but the new technology allowed the team to demonstrate exactly how the protein makes it happen.

In a computer simulation, the OC-17 protein acted as a catalyst to kickstart the formation of crystals that make up an eggshell by clamping itself on to calcium carbonate particles.

The OC-17 protein then dropped off when the crystal nucleus was large enough to grow on its own, freeing up the protein to start the process again.

Eggshells are created when this happens many times over within a short period of time.

"Understanding how chickens make eggshells is fascinating in itself but can also give clues towards designing new materials and processes," said Professor John Harding from Sheffield University, one of the authors of the research.

"Nature has found innovative solutions that work for all kinds of problems in materials science and technology -- we can learn a lot from them," he added.

究竟是雞生蛋，還是蛋生雞？英國科學(xué)家在應(yīng)用最新電腦技術(shù)嘗試破解這一古老謎題后宣稱，很有可能是先有雞后有蛋。

位于英格蘭北部謝菲爾德大學(xué)和中部華威大學(xué)的研究人員稱，這一秘密源自蛋殼---特別是雞體內(nèi)的一種蛋白質(zhì)在形成蛋殼的過程中扮演著關(guān)鍵的角色。

科學(xué)家之前已發(fā)現(xiàn)這種名為OC-17的蛋白質(zhì)與蛋殼形成有關(guān)，但新技術(shù)使研究小組可以精確展示這種蛋白質(zhì)如何促進(jìn)了蛋殼的形成。

在計算機模擬中，蛋白質(zhì)OC-17類似于一種催化劑，通過作用于碳酸鈣，促進(jìn)了構(gòu)成蛋殼的晶體的形成。

在晶核足夠大，可以自行生長之后，蛋白質(zhì)OC-17就逐漸消退了，之后便可以投身于下一次的轉(zhuǎn)化過程。

當(dāng)這一過程在短時間內(nèi)多次重復(fù)之后，蛋殼就形成了。

研究報告的作者之一、謝菲爾德大學(xué)的約翰•哈丁教授說：“弄清楚雞蛋殼是如何長出的非常有趣，而且還有助于研發(fā)新材料和新工藝。”

他補充說：“大自然為材料科技的所有難題都準(zhǔn)備好了創(chuàng)新性的解決辦法，我們從中可以學(xué)到很多。”Vocabulary:

play a part in: 與……有關(guān)，對……有影響
 

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